\documentclass[border=10pt, convert={density=300,outext=.png}]{standalone}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsfonts, amssymb, amsthm}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta, positioning, calc}

% Define colors
\definecolor{realcolor}{RGB}{255,200,200}
\definecolor{rationalcolor}{RGB}{220,200,255}
\definecolor{integercolor}{RGB}{200,255,200}
\definecolor{decimalcolor}{RGB}{255,200,255}
\definecolor{natcolor}{RGB}{200,230,255}

\begin{document}

\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}

% Real numbers
\filldraw[rounded corners=20pt, fill=realcolor, draw=red, thick]
(-8,-4.5) rectangle (8,4.5);
\node[red!80!black] at (-7.5,3.9) {$\mathbb{R}$};
\node[red] at (-5.5,4) {$\sqrt{2}$};
\node[red] at (-3.5,4) {$-\sqrt{5}$};
\node[red] at (3.0,4.2) {$\pi$};
  \node[red] at (6.3,3.9) {$(1+\sqrt{5})/2$};
\node[red] at (-7.5,-2) {$\frac{\sqrt{7}}{5}$};
\node[red] at (0,-4) {$\pi^2$};
\node[red] at (7.0,-3.8) {$-\sqrt{10}$};

% Rational numbers
\filldraw[rounded corners=15pt, fill=rationalcolor, draw=blue!60, thick]
(-7,-3.5) rectangle (7,3.5);
\node[blue!70!black] at (-6.5,3) {$\mathbb{Q}$};

\node[blue!70!black] at (-6.4,-2.2) {$\frac{7}{3}$};
\node[blue!70!black] at (-4.5,2.3) {$3{,}14$};
\node[blue!70!black] at (-1.5,2.3) {$-1{,}56$};
\node[blue!70!black] at (2.8,2.3) {$-65{,}355$};
\node[blue!70!black] at (6.5,-2.1) {$\frac{5}{49}$};
\node[blue!70!black] at (6.5,0) {$\frac{1357}{75}$};
\node[blue!70!black] at (-6.5,0) {$\frac{-17}{7}$};

% Decimal (finite or repeating)
\filldraw[rounded corners=12pt, fill=decimalcolor, draw=magenta, thick]
(-6,-2.5) rectangle (6,2.5);
\node[magenta!80!black] at (-5.5,2) {$\text{ID}$};

\node[magenta!80!black] at (-5.2,-1.7) {178{,}03};
\node[magenta!80!black] at (4.2,-2) {$-258{,}799$};
\node[magenta!80!black] at (5,0.2) {$\frac{147}{100}$};

% Integers
\filldraw[rounded corners=10pt, fill=integercolor, draw=green!60!black, thick]
(-4.5,-1.5) rectangle (4.5,1.5);
\node[green!50!black] at (-4.2,1.1) {$\mathbb{Z}$};

\node[green!50!black] at (-3.4,0.5) {$-1$};
\node[green!50!black] at (-1.5,1.1) {$-3$};
\node[green!50!black] at (3.2,0.5) {$-123$};
\node[green!50!black] at (-3.3,-0.5) {$-321$};
\node[green!50!black] at (-2.0,-0.5) {$-456$};
\node[green!50!black] at (3.0,-1) {$-123044$};

% Natural numbers
\filldraw[rounded corners=8pt, fill=natcolor, draw=blue!50!black, thick]
(-2.5,-0.8) rectangle (2.5,0.8);
\node[blue!50!black] at (-2,0.4) {$\mathbb{N}$};

\node[blue!50!black] at (-1.8,-0.4) {$0$};
\node[blue!50!black] at (-0.8,0.1) {$5$};
\node[blue!50!black] at (0.3,0.1) {$13$};
\node[blue!50!black] at (1.3,0.1) {$7000$};
\node[blue!50!black] at (0.3,-0.5) {$147$};

\end{tikzpicture}


\end{document}