fiche Généralités sur les fonctions numériques

📅 January 15, 2024   |   👁️ Views: 1.20K


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\documentclass[landscape]{article}
\usepackage[margin=0.75cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{mdframed}
\usepackage{multicol}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{tikzpagenodes}
\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref}

% Define colors for each section
\definecolor{part1color}{RGB}{0,100,0}
\definecolor{part2color}{RGB}{255,105,100}
\definecolor{part3color}{RGB}{0,100,255}
\definecolor{part4color}{RGB}{173,100,230}
\definecolor{part5color}{RGB}{144,238,144}
\definecolor{part6color}{RGB}{255,100,0}
\definecolor{part7color}{RGB}{255,50,205}
\definecolor{part8color}{RGB}{255,99,71}

\newcommand{\mylink}{\href{https://mosaid.xyz}{www.mosaid.xyz}}

% Common settings for mdframed
\mdfdefinestyle{myframe}{
    linewidth=1pt,
    skipabove=-\baselineskip,
    skipbelow=-\baselineskip,
    leftmargin=0pt,
    rightmargin=0pt,
    innerleftmargin=1.5pt,
    innerrightmargin=2pt
}


% Define TikZ style for arrows
\tikzstyle{arrow} = [->,>=stealth,thick,black]

\newcommand{\hangingindent}[1]{\par\hangindent=1em\hangafter=1\noindent#1\par}

\begin{document}
% First Row
\noindent
\begin{minipage}[t][0.3\textheight][t]{0.3\textwidth}
    % Top-left content
    \begin{mdframed}[linecolor=part1color,style=myframe, linewidth=1pt]
    \begin{center}
            \section*{\textcolor{part1color}{Généralités}}
    \end{center}
    \hangingindent{\textcolor{red}{\textbf{Ensemble de définition:}} \(D_f=\) ensemble des valeurs
    de \(x\) pour lesquels la fonction \(f\) est définie.}
    \vspace*{0.2cm}
    \hangingindent{Lorsque \(D_f\) est symétrique par rappor à 0:}
    \hangingindent{\textcolor{red}{\textbf{Fonction paire}}: \(\forall x \in D_f: \hspace*{0.2cm}f(-x)=f(x)\) \\
    la courbe \(\mathscr{C}_f\) est alors symétrique par rapport à l'axe des ordonnés.}
    \hangingindent{\textcolor{red}{\textbf{Fonction impaire}}: \(\forall x \in D_f: \hspace*{0.2cm}f(-x)=-f(x)\) \\
    la courbe \(\mathscr{C}_f\) est alors symétrique par rapport à l'origine \(O\)}
    \end{mdframed}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t][0.3\textheight][t]{0.3\textwidth}
    % Top-center content
    \begin{mdframed}[style=myframe, linecolor=part4color, linewidth=1pt]
    \begin{center}
        \section*{\textcolor{part4color}{Fonction cube}}
    \end{center}
    \vspace*{-0.35cm}
    \hangingindent{La fonction cube est définie sur \(\mathbb{R}\) par \(f(x)= x^3\)}
    \vspace*{-0.75cm}
    \begin{multicols}{2}
        \vspace*{0.5cm}
        \hangingindent{La fonction cube est \textbf{croissante} sur \(\mathbb{R}\) }
        \hangingindent{Si \(x>0\), \(\mathscr{C}_f\) est orientée vers le haut, \(\mathscr{C}_f\) est \textbf{convexe}}
        \hangingindent{Si \(x<0\), \(\mathscr{C}_f\) est orientée vers le bas, \(\mathscr{C}_f\) est \textbf{concave}}
        \hangindent=1em
            \begin{tikzpicture}
            \draw[->] (-2,0) -- (1.5,0) node[below] {$x$};
            \draw[->] (0,-1.5) -- (0,2) node[below left] {$y$};
        \draw[domain=-1.2:1.2,smooth,variable=\x,blue] plot ({\x},{\x^3});
        \draw[arrow] (1.5,-1.5) -- (0,0) node[pos=0.3, below, sloped] {\tiny{point d'inflexion}};
            \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{multicols}
    \end{mdframed}

\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t][0.3\textheight][t]{0.3\textwidth}
    % Top-right content
    \begin{mdframed}[style=myframe, linecolor=part5color, linewidth=1pt]
    \begin{center}
        \section*{\textcolor{part5color}{Fonction racine carrée}}
    \end{center}
    \hangingindent{La fonction racine carrée est définie sur \(\mathbb{R}^{+}\) par \(f(x)= \sqrt{x}\)}
    \hangingindent{La fonction \textcolor{red}{racine carrée est croissante} sur \([0,+\infty[\) }
    \hangingindent{la courble\(\mathscr{C}_f\) est une demi parabole d'axe \([Ox)\) et d'origine \(O\)}
    \vspace*{-0.5cm}
    \begin{center}
        \hspace*{0.5cm}
        \begin{tikzpicture}
            \draw[->] (-0.2,0) -- (3.5,0) node[below] {$x$};
            \draw[->] (0,-0.2) -- (0,2) node[below right] {$y$};
            \draw[domain=0:3,smooth,variable=\x,blue] plot ({\x},{sqrt(\x)});
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}
    \end{mdframed}
\end{minipage}

\noindent
% Second Row
\begin{minipage}[t][0.3\textheight][t]{0.3\textwidth}
    % Middle-left content
    \begin{mdframed}[style=myframe, linecolor=part2color, linewidth=1pt]
    \setlength{\baselineskip}{2pt}
    \begin{center}
        \section*{\textcolor{part2color}{\fontsize{10}{8}\selectfont Fonction carrée et fonction du \(2^{nd}\) degré}}
    \end{center}
    \hangingindent{La fonction carrée est définie sur \(\mathbb{R}\) par \(f(x)= x^2\)}
    \begin{itemize}[topsep=0pt, partopsep=0pt, parsep=0pt, itemsep=0pt]
        \item \(f\) est décroissante sur \(\mathbb{R}^{-}\), croissante sur \(\mathbb{R}^{+}\)
        \item \(\mathscr{C}_f\) est une \textbf{parabole} d'axe \(Oy\) et sommet \(O\)
    \end{itemize}
    \hangingindent{Une fonction du \(2^{nd}\) degré est définie sur \(\mathbb{R}\) par:}
    \hangingindent{\centering  \(f(x)= a(x-\alpha)^2+\beta\)}
    \begin{itemize}[topsep=0pt, partopsep=0pt, parsep=0pt, itemsep=0pt]
        \item le signe de \(a\) determine les variations de \(f\)
        \item \(\mathscr{C}_f\) est une \textbf{parabole} d'axe \(x=\alpha\) et de sommet \(S(\alpha,\beta)\)
    \end{itemize}
    \end{mdframed}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t][0.3\textheight][t]{0.3\textwidth}
    % the ellipsis goes here
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t][0.3\textheight][t]{0.3\textwidth}
    % Middle-right content
    \vspace*{0.5cm}
    \begin{mdframed}[style=myframe, linecolor=part6color, linewidth=1pt]
    \begin{center}
        \section*{\textcolor{part6color}{\fontsize{10}{8}\selectfont Fonction inverse et fonction homographique}}
    \end{center}
    \hangingindent{La fonction inverse est définie sur \(\mathbb{R}^{*}\) par \(f(x)= \frac{1}{x}\)}
    \begin{itemize}[topsep=0pt, partopsep=0pt, parsep=0pt, itemsep=0pt]
        \item \(f\) est \textbf{décroissante}  sur \(\mathbb{R}^{*}_{-}\) et \(\mathbb{R}^{*}_{+}\)
        \item \(\mathscr{C}_f\) est une \textbf{hyperbole} de centre \(O\) dont les asymptotes sont les axes du repère
    \end{itemize}
    \hangingindent{Une fonction homographique est définie sur \(\mathbb{R}-\{\alpha\} \)
        par \(f(x)= \frac{\lambda}{x-\alpha}+\beta\)}
    \vspace*{0.2cm}
    \begin{itemize}[topsep=0pt, partopsep=0pt, parsep=0pt, itemsep=0pt]
        \item le signe de \(\lambda\) determine les variations de \(f\)
        \item \(\mathscr{C}_f\) est une \textbf{hyperbole} de centre \(\Omega(\alpha,\beta)\)
        dont les asymptotes sont les droites \(x=\alpha\) et \(y=\beta\)
    \end{itemize}
    \end{mdframed}
\end{minipage}

\vspace*{-1cm}
\noindent
% Third Row
\begin{minipage}[t][0.3\textheight][t]{0.3\textwidth}
    % Bottom-left content
    \vspace*{0.5cm}
    \begin{mdframed}[style=myframe, linecolor=part3color, linewidth=1pt]
    \begin{center}
        \section*{\textcolor{part3color}{Fonction du \(2^{nd}\) degré}}
    \end{center}
    \hangingindent{Représentation des fonctions : \(f(x)= a(x-\alpha)^2+\beta\)}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.75]
        % Parabole vers le haut (a > 0)
        \draw[->] (-2.5,0) -- (1,0) node[below] {$x$};
        \draw[->] (0,-1) -- (0,4) node[left] {$y$};
        \draw[domain=-2.5:0.5,smooth,variable=\x,blue] plot ({\x},{1.5*(\x+1)^2+1 });
        \filldraw (-1,1) circle (2pt) node[below left] {S};
        \draw[dashed] (-1,-1) -- (-1,3);
        \draw[dashed] (-3,1) -- (0.5,1);
        \fill (-1,0) circle (1pt) node[below left] {$\alpha$};
        \fill (0,1) circle (1pt) node[above right] {$\beta$};
        \node at (-1,3.5) {a > 0};
        % Parabole vers le bas (a < 0)
        \begin{scope}[xshift=6cm]
            \draw[->] (-2.5,0) -- (0.75,0) node[below] {$x$};
            \draw[->] (0,-2) -- (0,3) node[left] {$y$};
            \draw[domain=-2.5:0.5,smooth,variable=\x,blue] plot ({\x},{-1.5*(\x+1)^2+1 });
            \filldraw (-1,1) circle (2pt) node[above right] {S};
            \draw[dashed] (-1,-1) -- (-1,3);
            \draw[dashed] (-2.5,1) -- (0.5,1);
            \fill (-1,0) circle (1pt) node[below left] {$\alpha$};
            \fill (0,1) circle (1pt) node[above right] {$\beta$};
            \node at (-1,-1.5) {a < 0};
        \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{mdframed}
    \centering \fontsize{11}{10}\selectfont{\textcolor{blue}{\mylink}}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t][0.3\textheight][t]{0.3\textwidth}
    % Bottom-center content
    \vspace*{0.5cm}
    \begin{mdframed}[style=myframe, linecolor=part7color, linewidth=1pt]
    \begin{center}
        \section*{\textcolor{part7color}{Fonctions carrée, inverse et racine carrée}}
        \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.95]
            \draw[->] (-0.5,0) -- (5,0) node[below] {$x$};
            \draw[->] (0,-0.5) -- (0,5) node[left] {$y$};
            \draw[domain=0:2.3,smooth,variable=\x,blue] plot ({\x},{\x^2});
            \draw[domain=0:4.5,smooth,variable=\x,red] plot ({\x},{sqrt(\x)});
            \draw[domain=0.2:4.5,smooth,variable=\x,green] plot ({\x},{1/\x});
            \draw[domain=0:4.5,smooth,variable=\x,black,thick] plot ({\x},{\x});
            \draw[dashed] (0,1) -- (1,1) -- (1,0) ;
            \node[above right] at (1,0) {1};
            \node[above left] at (0,1) {1};
            \node[below left] at (0,0) {\tiny{O}};
            \node[above right] at (4,0.3) {\(\frac{1}{x}\)};
            \node[above right] at (1.5,4.5) {\(x^2\)};
            \node[above right] at (4,4.3) {\(x\)};
            \node[above right] at (3.75,2) {\(\sqrt{x}\)};
        \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{center}
    \end{mdframed}
\end{minipage}
\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t][0.3\textheight][t]{0.3\textwidth}
    % Bottom-right content
    \vspace*{1.5cm}
    \begin{mdframed}[style=myframe, linecolor=part8color, linewidth=1pt]
    \begin{center}
        \section*{\textcolor{part8color}{Fonctions homographiques}}
    \end{center}
    \hangingindent{Représentation des fonctions : \(f(x)= \frac{\lambda}{x-\alpha}+\beta\)}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5]
        \draw[->] (-3,0) -- (2.5,0) node[below] {$x$};
        \draw[->] (0,-2) -- (0,4) node[right] {$y$};
        \draw[domain=-0.75:2.5,smooth,variable=\x,blue] plot ({\x},{1/(\x+1)+1});
        \draw[domain=-3.5:-1.3,smooth,variable=\x,blue] plot ({\x},{1/(\x+1)+1});
        \draw[dashed] (-1,-2) -- (-1,4.5) ;
        \draw[dashed] (-3.5,1) -- (2,1) ;
        \node[above left] at (-1,1) {\(\Omega\)};
        \node[above right] at (0,1) {\fontsize{5}{4}\selectfont{\textbf{\(\beta\)}}};
        \node[below right] at (-1,0) {\fontsize{5}{4}\selectfont{\textbf{\(\alpha\)}}};
        \node at (1,-2.5) {\(\lambda>0\)};
            \begin{scope}[xshift=8cm]
            \draw[->] (-3,0) -- (2.5,0) node[below] {$x$};
            \draw[->] (0,-2) -- (0,3) node[left] {$y$};
            \draw[domain=-0.75:2.5,smooth,variable=\x,red] plot ({\x},{-1/(\x+1)+1});
            \draw[domain=-4:-1.3,smooth,variable=\x,red] plot ({\x},{-1/(\x+1)+1});
            \draw[dashed] (-1,-2) -- (-1,4.5) ;
            \draw[dashed] (-3.5,1) -- (2,1) ;
            \node[above left] at (-1,1) {\(\Omega\)};
            \node[above right] at (0,1) {\fontsize{5}{4}\selectfont{\textbf{\(\beta\)}}};
            \node[below left] at (-1,0) {\fontsize{5}{4}\selectfont{\textbf{\(\alpha\)}}};
            \node at (1,-2.5) {\(\lambda<0\)};
            \end{scope}
    \end{tikzpicture}
    \end{mdframed}
    \centering \fontsize{11}{10}\selectfont{\textcolor{blue}{\mylink}}
\end{minipage}


% Middle-center content
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay, remember picture]
    % Calculate the middle point of the Core Information section
    \coordinate (hub) at ($(current page text area.south west)!0.5!(current page text area.north east)$);
    \draw[arrow] (hub) ++(0,1cm) ellipse (4cm and 2cm) node[align=center, text width=7cm]
    {\vspace*{0.5cm}\Huge{Autres fonctions} \\
    \vspace*{-0.25cm} \fontsize{11}{10}\selectfont{\textcolor{blue}{\mylink}} \\
    \vspace*{0.3cm} \Huge{élémentaires}};
    % Arrows pointing to other sections
    \draw[arrow, thick, line width=2pt, part4color] (hub) ++(0,3cm) -- ++(90:1.25cm) node[midway, above, sloped] {};
    \draw[arrow, thick, line width=2pt, part5color] (hub) ++(2.5cm,2.6cm) -- ++(30:3cm) node[midway, above, sloped] {};
    \draw[arrow, thick, line width=2pt, part6color] (hub) ++(4cm,1cm) -- ++(0:1.2cm) node[midway, above, sloped] {};
    \draw[arrow, thick, line width=2pt, part8color] (hub) ++(3cm,-0.3cm) -- ++(-45:3.7cm) node[midway, above, sloped] {};
    \draw[arrow, thick, line width=2pt, part7color] (hub) ++(0,-1cm) -- ++(-90:0.85cm) node[midway, above, sloped] {};
    \draw[arrow, thick, line width=2pt, part2color] (hub) ++(-4cm,1cm) -- ++(180:1.2cm) node[midway, above, sloped] {};
    \draw[arrow, thick, line width=2pt, part3color] (hub) ++(-2.6cm,-0.5cm) -- ++(195:5.3cm) node[midway, above, sloped] {};
    \draw[arrow, thick, line width=2pt, part1color] (hub) ++(-2cm,2.7cm) -- ++(150:3.6cm) node[midway, above, sloped] {};
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

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What will I learn by the end of this course?
You will gain a solid understanding of Généralités sur les fonctions numériques and be able to apply it in exams and real‑world problems.

What topics are covered in this course?
The course "Généralités sur les fonctions numériques" covers key concepts of maths for 1-bac-science. Designed to help students master the curriculum.

Is this course suitable for beginners?
Yes, the material is structured to be accessible while providing depth for advanced learners.

Are there exercises or practice problems?
Exercises are included to help you practice.

Does this course include solutions?
Solutions are available separately.


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